Seaweeds inoculation increased the organic matter content, clay-size fraction, and nutrients in the soil. Proceedings of the XXVIth International. Wiley, Chicester, pp 65–81, Blunden G, Gordon SM (1986) Betaines and their sulphono analogues, in marine algae. )m(-1), were applied to plugs of kentucky bluegrass and then subjected to UV-B radiation (70 mumol(.)m(-2.)s(-1)). They can be possibly used in nurseries to improve the efficiency of rooting [15,16,[26][27][28] and protect cuttings from diseases [16, ... Our data show that ANE foliar or drench application were substantially ineffective in boosting grapevine vegetative growth, either in absence or presence of WS (Fig. component viz. Biosorption of soil heavy metals by seaweeds decreased the bioaccumulated concentrations of metals in radish plant roots and/or translocated to its shoots compared to control. Water and drought stress.- 8. In WW vines, ANEsl had no effect on leaf gas exchange, whereas ANEfl slightly improved leaf A (Fig. tation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Zhang X, Ervin EH (2004) Cytokinin-containing seaweed and humic, acid extracts associated with creeping bentgrass leaf cytokinins, and drought resistance. Bluegrass with greater AT concentration and SOD and catalase activity exhibited better visual quality under UV-B stress. In: Round FE, Chapman DJ (eds) Progress in, phycological research, vol 4. Recent studies have shown that sea-, weed extracts protect plants against a number of. In many crops yield is associated with the number of, ). become a priority. Seaweed extract, contained substantial amounts of cytokinins amountin, as zeatin riboside. In general, a gradual increase in plant height was observed with increasing seaweed extract application. For example, tomato seedlings treated with SWC, ). seaweed-induced growth response and stress alleviation. J, Vollner L (1990) Agrochemical formulations for improved efficacy, and reduced environmental impacts: slow release formulations, with natural polymers. are used as biofertilizers in agriculture, ). The liquid extracts obtained from seaweeds have recently gained importance as foliar sprays for many crops including various grasses, cereals flowers and vegetable species (Crouch and Staden, 1992). Pusa Gold was studied. J Biotechnol 91:197–209, Buggeln RG, Craigie JS (1971) Evaluation of evidence for the. biofertilizer as is eco-friendly, cheaper, deliver substantial economic and environmental benefits to farmers. treatment. A conclusion can be drawn that in our experiments peat was found to be the most suitable substrate for production of Norway spruce seedlings. Application of a lower concentration (20%) of SLE enhanced the percentage of seed germination, In: Lembi CA, Waaland JR (eds) Algae and human affairs. The antioxidant defence system of the plant comprises a variety of antioxidant molecules and enzymes. SPB Academic Publish-. The following were used: 0.4% indole butyric acid (Ukorzeniacz A aqua), 0.2% naphthalene acetic acid (Ukorzeniacz B aqua), Bio Rhizotonic; Root Juice™, and Bio Roots. The number of flowers and seeds per flower head, ). J Appl Phycol, Hussain A, Boney AD (1969) Isolation of kinin-like substances from, Hussain A, Boney AD (1973) Hydrophilic growth inhibitors from, Hutton MJ, van Staden J (1984) Transport and metabolism of labeled, stages of development. However, the biostimulatory potential of many of these products has not been fully exploited due to the lack of scientific data on growth factors present in seaweeds and their mode of action in affecting plant growth. The experiment was established with three replications by standard technologies used in forest operations. ably encourage flowering by initiating robust plant growth. Moreover, seaweed and seaweed-derived products have been widely used as amendments in crop production systems due to the presence of a number of plant growth-stimulating com-pounds. growth stimulator for improving and accelerating crop growth In higher plants IAA occurs as an inac-, . Seaweed products promote root growth and development, root-growth stimulatory effect was more pronounced when, extracts were applied at an early growth stage in maize, the response was similar to that of auxin, an important root-, growth-promoting hormone (Jeannin and others, SWC applications reduce transplant shock in seedlings of, marigold, cabbage (Aldworth and van Staden, size and vigor. The results of Trends Plant Sci 9:331–338, Akula A, Akula C, Bateson M (2000) Betaine: a novel candidate for, rapid induction of somatic embryogenesis in tea (, Aldworth SJ, van Staden J (1987) The effect of seaweed concentrate, on seedling transplants. mycorrhizal development more than the control treatment. This has been supported J, Daniel R, Berteau O, Chevolot L, Varenne A, Gareil P, Goasdoue N, (2001) Regioselective desulfation of sulfated, by a new sulfoesterase from marine mollusc, application to the structural study of algal fucoidan (, Davey JE, van Staden J (1978) Cytokinin activity in, III.