Out of reason emerges new political ideas about people, natural rights, and the function of government. For many of the following Revolutions, Enlightenment ideas directly influenced their advent. American commodore who visited Edo Bay with American fleet in 1853; insisted on opening ports to American trade on threat of naval bombardment; won rights for American Trade with Japan in 1854, Political revolt in Russia in 1825, led by middle-level army officers who advocated reforms, put down by Tsar Nickolas I, Fought between 1854 and 1856; began as Russians attempted to attack Ottoman Empire; Russia opposed by France and Britain as well; resulted in Russian defeat in the face of Western industrial technology; led to Russian reforms under Tsar Alexander II. Doesn't protect - form a new government. “Reason over Revelation” is normally a tagline associated with The Enlightenment. Left legacy of distrust of the United States in Latin America. Died in 1848. in Sufi belief system, a promised deliverer. Also name given to Muhammad Achmad, leader of late 19th-century revolt against Egyptians and British in the Sudan. second major type of European overseas possession, but within this type there were different patterns of European occupation and indigenous response. His execution ended the Reign of Terror. Confucian scholar and Manchu emperor of Qing dynasty from 1661 to 1722. local political councils created as part of reforms of Tsar Alexander II (1860s); gave some Russians, particularly middle-class professionals, some experience in government; councils had no impact on national policy, Political groups seeking abolition of all formal government; formed in many parts of Europe and Americas in late 19th and early 20th centuries; particularly prevalent in Russia, opposing tsarist autocracy and becoming a terrorist movement responsible for assassination of Alexander II in 1881, National parliament created in Russia in the aftermath of the Revolution of 1905; progressively stripped of power during the reign of Tsar Nicholas II; failed to forestall further revolution. Japanese parliament established as part of the constitution of 1889; part of Meiji reforms; could pass laws and approve budgets; able to advise government but not control it. Leader of rebellion against Santa Anna. A contract exists between the government and the governed. Movements to create independent nations within the Balkan possessions of the Ottoman empire; provoked a series of crises within the European alliance system; eventually led to World War I. architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of the Raj in northern India. spring ⏱️ 2 min read ap world • study guide • Unit 5. Mexican priest who established an independence movement among American Indian and mestizos in 1810. A British politician who extended the vote to the rich middle class in order to broaden the political base of the conservative party, created a coalition with Austria-Hungary and Russia. Died in 1925. Independent leader who dominated local areas by force in defiance of national policies. In the entirety of human history, it can be argued that only two (maybe three) revolutions took place that truly altered the majority of human society. Practice analyzing continuity and change while reviewing political and industrial revolutions. Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India. Agreement that ended the Mexican-American War. The battle was preceded by the attack on British-controlled Calcutta by Nawab Siraj-ud-daulah and the Black Hole incident. Hawaiian prince; created unified kingdom of Hawaii with British backing by 1810; promoted westernization. Nullified constitution and restricted civil liberties. help. In the mercantilist system, governments controlled the trade that occurred within their borders. Broke out in south China in the 1850s and early 1860s. Led by Hong Xiuquan, a semi-Christianized prophet. a Hindu practice whereby a widow immolates herself on the funeral pyre of her husband, Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants, Belief in the inherent mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites; peaked in acceptance in decades before World War I; supported by social science doctrines of social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer, (1743-1803) Leader of the slave rebellion on the french sugar island of st. Domingue in 1791 that led to creation of independent republic of Haiti in 1804. Political viewpoint with origins in western Europe during the 19th century, a reform movement among English workers and radicals that demanded universal suffrage and other political and social rights for the working classes, Political Movement with origins in western Europe during the Industrial Revolution, particularly workers and women. 5.7 Economic Effects of Industrialization, Fiveable Community students are already meeting new friends, starting study groups, and sharing tons of opportunities for other high schoolers. From roughly 1500-1750, Western European nations utilized mercantilism as their dominant economic philosophy. 19th-century western European artistic and literary movement; held that emotion and impression, not reason, were the keys to the mysteries of human experience and nature; sought to portray passions, not calm reflection. They achieved these goals to varying degrees, but they did achieve in helping ban child labor and creating public education systems. Liberal government defeated by French intervention under Emperor Napoleon III of France and establishment of Mexican Empire under Maximilian. France adopted industrialization after their wars ended over attempts for German unification, and once Germany unified, they became a leader in coal and steel production. Young provincial lawyer who led the most radical phases of the French Revolution. These people formed alliances with one another based on a variety of commonalities, such as language, religion, social standing, and territory. These were areas such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decreased the native population. Their ability to harness power/energy from fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, powered boats and trains in the 1800s. Learn. an aspect of the later Industrial Revolution; decreased time at work and offered opportunities for new forms of leisure time, such as vacation trips and team sports. Bourbon ruler of France who was executed during the radical phase of the French Revolution. Huge industrial combines created in Japan in the 1890s as part of the process of industrialization, War fought between Japan and Qing China between 1894 and 1895; resulted in Japanese victory; frustrated Japanese imperial aims because of Western Insistence that Japan withdraw from Liaodong peninsula. Coffee estates that spread within interior of Brazil between 1840 and 1860. Series of reforms in Ottoman Empire between 1839 and 1876. Test. Created by. PLAY. A party of revolutionary Marxists, led by Vladimir Lenin, who seized power in Russia in 1917.